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Wireless Modem Router SpeedTouch 576 for £15 (Central or East London, Price: £15)	01 January 0001
The SpeedTouch 576 is an Adsl router with built-in 802.11g wireless access point which makes it easy to create a wireless network and share an Adsl broadband connection. The built-in Adsl2 modem can handle Adsl lines of up to 24MB. Also The SpeedTouch 576 automatically creates a network among all connected clients this allows you to share files and printers and other resources. Can be connected through the phone line (Adsl) with a provider such as Aol Bt Orange or Tiscali What s Included? Thompson Speedtouch 576 54Mbps wireless Adsl Router External power adapter 15V 1 x 1.8m yellow Ethernet cable 1 x 2m Cool Grey Adsl cable Printed installation guide Installation Cd 3 x Dsl filters How Do I Install It? This router is configured using the supplied Aol Cd connect your Pc to the router using the supplied Ethernet cable plug then router into an Adsl microfilter and follow the setup wizard on the Cd. Additional setup can be performed using the web-based configuration screen this can be from any Pc on the network using a standard web browser. Specification Network address translation (Nat) Integrated 802.11g wireless access point 54 Mbps data rate with auto fallback Integrated antenna 64 128Bit Wep encryption Wpa-Psk 802.11x Disable Ssid Mac address filtering Integrated Adsl2 modem 1 x Rj11 connection Nat based firewall Integrated Dhcp server Web-based configuration

Sales Support - Media Solutions	14 November 2007
Sales Support 20-25k Base plus excellent bens London Over the past 50+ years, our client has been delivering media and information based solutions around the globe. With a presence in over 135 countries spanning some 40 different languages, our client truly is a multi national company that provides electronic distribution, targeting, measurement, translation and broadcast services to tens of thousands of corporate, government and other customers worldwide. They now have an exciting entry level role for a Sales Support executive. As a Sales Support Executive your role will involve working alongside a sales team managing all sales administration whilst managing a varied volume of customer's queries and enquiries for all of our client's products and services. This role specifically includes the creation and collation of sales orders and documents, the management and administration of a database and the general day to day sales support required for a busy team The ideal candidate will be educated to degree standard and posses a minimum of 3-6 month sales / sales support experience. You will be confident in your office skills and have a broad understanding of standard MS software packages. You will have first class communication and presentation skills along with a high level of self motivation and a desire to break into a corporate sales environment. The successful candidate can expect a base salary of 20-25k plus additional benefits. Certus Sales Limited is a specialist sales recruitment consultancy with an impressive client portfolio covering opportunities in the following areas: Telecommunication, Business Information, Media, I.T and many more. Vacancy levels recruited include Sales Director, Sales Manager, Senior Sales Professional, Account Manager, Account Management, Sales Executive, New Business Development, Field, Territory and Area Sales, Internal sales and Telesales opportunities. To find out more about us please visit certussales.com

Key Account Manager – Media Monitoring	14 November 2007
Key Account Manager – Media Monitoring 35-45k Base, 55-65k OTE & bens London For the past 50+ years, our client has been delivering media and information based solutions around the globe. With a presence in over 135 countries spanning some 40 different languages, our client truly is a multi national company that provides electronic distribution, targeting, measurement, translation and broadcast services to tens of thousands of corporate, government and other customers worldwide. Due to continued growth and their ongoing commitment to existing accounts they now have an exciting opening for a Key Account Manager. As a Key Account Manager you will be targeted to preserve and grow the available revenue form a pre-defined list of FTSE 350 accounts and their associated PR Agencies. With access to our client's full portfolio of media/information based solutions at your disposal you seek further product penetration with the view to becoming the supplier of choice across your account base. Applicants will have a minimum of 3-4 years sales experience, specifically within a client facing capacity and ideally experienced in complex, consultative or solutions based sales. Information sales or media sales experience would also be advantageous but not essential. Selling largely at management or board level you will be able to relate to professionals working within FTSE 350 companies and be able to quickly identify specific buying criteria and related influencing factors. You will have first class communication and presentation skills, be highly motivated and a self-starter with the ability to manage, achieve and exceed targets. The successful candidate will be offered a package including base salary of 35-45k [dependent upon experience] with a realistic and uncapped first year OTE of 55-65k. Additionally, there is a full benefits package. Certus Sales Limited is a specialist sales recruitment consultancy with an impressive client portfolio covering opportunities in the following areas: Telecommunication, Business Information, Media, I.T and many more. Vacancy levels recruited include Sales Director, Sales Manager, Account Manager, Sales Executive, New Business Development, Field, Territory and Telesales opportunities. To find out more about us please visit certussales.com

(Brand New) Thomson SpeedTouch 585 v6 54Mbps Wireless Adsl 2 Router (London, Price: £25)	01 January 0001
Basically My Isp sent me 2 by mistake LoL. This item has been opened but is unused. Network address translation (Nat) Integrated 802.11g wireless access point 54 Mbps data rate with auto fallback Integrated antenna 64 128Bit Wep encryption Wpa-Psk 802.11x Disable Ssid Mac address filtering Integrated Adsl2 modem 1 x Rj11 connection 4 x 10 100Base-T Rj45 switched Lan port Nat based firewall Integrated Dhcp server Web-based configuration With this wireles router modem you can set up network of up to 4 Pc Laptops in your home all connecting to the internet or just even simply sharing files between each other. This has the strongest home wireless range band reaching up to typically roughly 40 metres indoors (depending on thickness of wall etc) and 140 metres outdoors. Tel 07778 314 073 for more info.

D-Link Dfl-700 Firewall swap for Psp Like new (North London, Price: £150)	01 January 0001
I will swap firewall D-Link Dfl-700 for sony Psp. Firewall is like new works perfectly. Comes with Ac adapter. Excellent condition. Description D-Link s Dfl-700 is an easy-to deploy firewall designed for small and medium enterprises (Smes) workgroups and departments that require superior price performance. This device is a powerful security solution that provides integrated Network Address Translation (Nat) Firewall Content Filtering Ids protection bandwidth management as well as Virtual Private Network (Vpn) support. The Dfl-700 includes a Wan link support a trusted Lan port and a Dmz port to support local e-mail and web servers and is compact enough to fit anywhere. With an intuitive web-based interface and simple process the Dfl-700 provides users with easy installation. Links http w.microanvika.com product.asp?Txt Info&Pno Dli54312&ref froogle&cam Dli54312&key 141964 http reviews.zdnet.co.uk hardware networking 010000006963914988300.htm http shopping.yahoo.com pD-Link 20DFL 207001991446513

D-Link Di-514 11Mbps Wireless and Wired router (North London (zone 2), Price: £5)	01 January 0001
Fully working condition. Note this is not Adsl modem router. You cannot use it with your phone line directly but through a separate Adsl modem. Network address translation (Nat) 1 x 10 100Base-T Rj45 Ethernet Wan port 4 x 10 100Base-T auto Mdi Mdix Rj45 switched Lan ports Built in Nat based firewall Url filtering Integrated Dhcp server Virtual private network (Vpn) pass-through Wireless facilities o 11Mbps 802.11b wireless access point with auto fallback o 1 x detachable 2dBi antenna (reverse Sma connection) o 128bit Wep encryption o Mac address filtering o Disable Ssid UpnP enabled Dmz hosting and port forwarding Web based configuration

D-Link Di-514 11Mbps Wireless and Wired router (North London (zone 2), Price: £9)	01 January 0001
Fully working condition. Specification Network address translation (Nat) 1 x 10 100Base-T Rj45 Ethernet Wan port 4 x 10 100Base-T auto Mdi Mdix Rj45 switched Lan ports Built in Nat based firewall Url filtering Integrated Dhcp server Virtual private network (Vpn) pass-through Wireless facilities o 11Mbps 802.11b wireless access point with auto fallback o 1 x detachable 2dBi antenna (reverse Sma connection) o 128bit Wep encryption o Mac address filtering o Disable Ssid UpnP enabled Dmz hosting and port forwarding Web based configuration

jQuery and Microsoft	28 September 2008
jQuery is a lightweight open source JavaScript library (only 15kb in size) that in a relatively short span of time has become one of the most popular libraries on the web. A big part of the appeal of jQuery is that it allows you to elegantly (and efficiently) find and manipulate HTML elements with minimum lines of code. jQuery supports this via a nice "selector" API that allows developers to query for HTML elements, and then apply "commands" to them. One of the characteristics of jQuery commands is that they can be "chained" together - so that the result of one command can feed into another. jQuery also includes a built-in set of animation APIs that can be used as commands. The combination allows you to do some really cool things with only a few keystrokes. For example, the below JavaScript uses jQuery to find all <div> elements within a page that have a CSS class of "product", and then animate them to slowly disappear: As another example, the JavaScript below uses jQuery to find a specific <table> on the page with an id of "datagrid1", then retrieves every other <tr> row within the datagrid, and sets those <tr> elements to have a CSS class of "even" - which could be used to alternate the background color of each row: [Note: both of these samples were adapted from code snippets in the excellent jQuery in Action book] Providing the ability to perform selection and animation operations like above is something that a lot of developers have asked us to add to ASP.NET AJAX, and this support was something we listed as a proposed feature in the ASP.NET AJAX Roadmap we published a few months ago. As the team started to investigate building it, though, they quickly realized that the jQuery support for these scenarios is already excellent, and that there is a huge ecosystem and community built up around it already. The jQuery library also works well on the same page with ASP.NET AJAX and the ASP.NET AJAX Control Toolkit. Rather than duplicate functionality, we thought, wouldn't it be great to just use jQuery as-is, and add it as a standard, supported, library in VS/ASP.NET, and then focus our energy building new features that took advantage of it? We sent mail the jQuery team to gauge their interest in this, and quickly heard back that they thought that it sounded like an interesting idea too. Supporting jQuery I'm excited today to announce that Microsoft will be shipping jQuery with Visual Studio going forward. We will distribute the jQuery JavaScript library as-is, and will not be forking or changing the source from the main jQuery branch. The files will continue to use and ship under the existing jQuery MIT license. We will also distribute intellisense-annotated versions that provide great Visual Studio intellisense and help-integration at design-time. For example: and with a chained command: The jQuery intellisense annotation support will be available as a free web-download in a few weeks (and will work great with VS 2008 SP1 and the free Visual Web Developer 2008 Express SP1). The new ASP.NET MVC download will also distribute it, and add the jQuery library by default to all new projects. We will also extend Microsoft product support to jQuery beginning later this year, which will enable developers and enterprises to call and open jQuery support cases 24x7 with Microsoft PSS. Going forward we'll use jQuery as one of the libraries used to implement higher-level controls in the ASP.NET AJAX Control Toolkit, as well as to implement new Ajax server-side helper methods for ASP.NET MVC. New features we add to ASP.NET AJAX (like the new client template support) will be designed to integrate nicely with jQuery as well. We also plan to contribute tests, bug fixes, and patches back to the jQuery open source project. These will all go through the standard jQuery patch review process. Summary We are really excited to be able to partner with the jQuery team on this. jQuery is a fantastic library, and something we think can really benefit ASP.NET and ASP.NET AJAX developers. We are looking forward to having it work great with Visual Studio and ASP.NET, and to help bring it to an even larger set of developers. For more details on today's announcement, please check out John Resig's post on the jQuery team blog. Scott Hanselman is also about to post a nice tutorial that shows off integrating jQuery with ASP.NET AJAX (including the new client templating engine) as well as ADO.NET Data Services (which shipped in .NET 3.5 SP1 and was previously code-named "Astoria"). Hope this helps, Scott

Silverlight 2 Release Candidate Now Available	26 September 2008
This evening we published the first public release candidate of Silverlight 2. There are still a small handful of bugs fixes that we plan to make before we finally ship. We are releasing today's build, though, so that developers can start to update their existing Silverlight Beta2 applications so that they'll work the day the final release ships, as well as to enable developers to report any last minute showstopper issues that we haven't found internally (please report any of these on the www.silverlight.net forums). Important: We are releasing only the Silverlight Developer Runtime edition (as well as the VS and Blend tools to support it) today, and are not releasing the regular end-user edition of Silverlight. This is because we want to give existing developers a short amount of time to update their applications to work with the final Silverlight 2 APIs before sites are allowed to go live with it. There are some breaking changes between Beta2 and this RC, and we want to make sure that existing sites can update to the final release quickly once the final release is out. As such, you can only use the RC for development right now - you can't go live with the new APIs until the final release is shipped (which will be soon though). You can download today's Silverlight Release Candidate and accompanying VS and Blend support for it here. Note that Expression Blend support for Silverlight 2 is now provided using Blend 2.0 SP1. You will need to install Blend 2.0 before applying the SP1 service pack that adds Silverlight 2 support. If you don't already have Blend 2.0 installed you can download a free trial of it here. Beta2->RC API Updates Today's release candidate includes a ton of bug fix and some significant performance optimization work. Today's release candidate also includes a number of final API tweaks designed to fix differences between Silverlight and the full .NET Framework. Most of these changes are relatively small (order of parameters, renames of methods/properties, movement of types across namespaces, etc) although there are a number of them. You can read this blog post and download this document to get a listing of the known API breaking changes made from the Beta2 release. We have updated the styles of the controls shipped with Silverlight, and have also modified some of the state groups and control template names they use. When upgrading from Beta2 you might find it useful to temporarily remove any custom style templates you've defined, and get your application functionality working using the RC first - and then after that works add back in the styles one style definition at a time to catch any rename/behavior change issues with them. If you find yourself stuck with an question/issue moving from Beta2 to the RC, please report it on the www.silverlight.net forums (Silverlight team members will be on there helping folks). If after a day or two you aren't getting an answer please send me email (scottgu@microsoft.com) and I can help or connect you with someone who knows the answer. New Controls Today's release candidate includes a bunch of feature additions and tweaks across Silverlight 2, as well as in the VS and Blend tools targeting it. In general you'll find a number of nice improvements across the controls, networking, data caching, layout, rendering, media stack, and other components and sub-systems. Over the next few months we will be releasing a lot of new Silverlight 2 controls (more details on these soon). Today's release candidate includes three new core controls - ComboBox, ProgressBar, and PasswordBox - that we are adding directly to the core Silverlight runtime download (which is still only 4.6MB in size, and only takes a few seconds to install): At runtime these controls by default look like: The ComboBox in Silverlight 2 supports standard DropDownList semantics. In addition to statically defining items like above, you can also use databinding with it. For example, we could define a "Person" class like below: And the add a ComboBox to a page like so: And then write the below code to databind a collection of Person objects to the ComboBox (by setting its ItemSource property): At runtime our simple app will then display the data-bound Person names (note that we set the DisplayMemberPath property on the ComboBox above to display the "Name" value from our Person objects): We could then implement a SelectionChanged event handler like below to run code when a person is selected from the ComboBox: Notice above how we can retrieve a reference to the selected "Person" object from the databound ComboBox using the ComboBox's "SelectedItem" property. We can then call the MessageBox.Show() helper method (new in the RC) to display a modal dialog box that displays some details about our selected person: New Control Skins The final release of Silverlight 2 will have a much more polished set of default control template skins than those that were in Beta1 and Beta2. Our goal with the default control templates is to have a look that is professional and attractive, can be used in the majority of applications as-is (without requiring you to author custom style templates), and which is also easily tweakable using Expression Blend. Today's RC build has skins that are close to the final look we plan to ship (there are a few final tweaks we are doing post RC on the focus color of controls, as well as to tighten up and tweak a few issues in some of the control templates). Below is the default look for the DataGrid, RadioButton, CheckBoxes, and the DatePicker controls with today's RC build: Note that the DatePicker control above allows users to type in a date (with a masked edit to ensure it is a valid date), or they can click the calendar icon to the right of the textbox and select the date using a popup Calendar control: One of the most powerful features of Silverlight and WPF, of course, is the ability for designers and developers to completely customize the look and feel of any control. This goes beyond simple styling of colors and fonts - you can literally completely change the visual UI of a control, as well as customize its behavior (for example: add animation) without writing any code. Within Expression Blend, simply right-click on any Silverlight control and choose the "Edit Control Parts" sub-menu to open and edit its control template: When in control template editing mode, you can manipulate any sub-element of a control (for example: a checkbox's inner content), as well as customize each "state" its in (notice the states pane circled in red below). This allows designers to customize what the control looks like in individual states (for example: checked, unchecked, mouseover, etc). Silverlight will then automatically handle animating the control from state to state depending on the user action: You can learn more about how Silverlight's Visual State Model works from my previous blog post here. Previous releases of Silverlight often rendered graphics on sub-pixel locations - which could cause lines and shapes to sometimes appear "fuzzy". The RC of Silverlight has a new features called "layout rounding" that causes the layout system to round the final measure of a control to an integer ("pixel snapping"), which results in crisper lines and fewer rendering artifacts. This feature is now on by default, and helps make applications look nicer. Summary The final release of Silverlight is not that far off now. It has been a pretty amazing project that has come a long way in a pretty short amount of time. If you have existing Beta2 applications, please start getting them ready for the final release - as once we release Silverlight 2, users that have existing beta releases installed will automatically be upgraded to use the final version. Testing your application out with the release candidate will ensure that you can easily update your applications and have them ready within hours of the final release. Let us know if you find issues with today's release candidate, and please make sure to post them on the forums on http://www.silverlight.net. Hope this helps, Scott

ASP.NET MVC Preview 5 and Form Posting Scenarios	02 September 2008
This past Thursday the ASP.NET MVC feature team published a new "Preview 5" release of the ASP.NET MVC framework. You can download the new release here. This "Preview 5" release works with both .NET 3.5 and the recently released .NET 3.5 SP1. It can also now be used with both Visual Studio 2008 as well as (the free) Visual Web Developer 2008 Express SP1 edition (which now supports both class library and web application projects). Preview 5 includes a bunch of new features and refinements (these build on the additions in "Preview 4"). You can read detailed "Preview 5" release notes that cover changes/additions here. In this blog post I'm going to cover one of the biggest areas of focus with this release: form posting scenarios. You can download a completed version of the application I'll build below here. Basic Form Post with a Web MVC Pattern Let's look at a simple form post scenario - adding a new product to a products database: The page above is returned when a user navigates to the "/Products/Create" URL in our application. The HTML form markup for this page looks like below: The markup above is standard HTML. We have two <input type="text"/> textboxes within a <form> element. We then have an HTML submit button at the bottom of the form. When pressed it will cause the form it is nested within to post the form inputs to the server. The form will post the contents to the URL indicated by its "action" attribute - in this case "/Products/Save". Using the previous "Preview 4" release of ASP.NET we might have implemented the above scenario using a ProductsController class like below that implements two action methods - "Create" and "Save": The "Create" action method above is responsible for returning an html view that displays our initial empty form. The "Save" action method then handles the scenario when the form is posted back to the server. The ASP.NET MVC framework automatically maps the "ProductName" and "UnitPrice" form post values to the method parameters on the Save method with the same names. The Save action then uses LINQ to SQL to create a new Product object, assigns its ProductName and UnitPrice values with the values posted by the end-user, and then attempts to save the new product in the database. If the product is successfully saved, the user is redirected to a "/ProductsAdded" URL that will display a success message. If there is an error we redisplay our "Create" html view again so that the user can fix the issue and retry. We could then implement a "Create" HTML view template like below that would work with the above ProductsController to generate the appropriate HTML. Note below that we are using the Html.TextBox helper methods to generate the <input type="text"/> elements for us (and automatically populate their value from the appropriate property in our Product model object that we passed to the view): Form Post Improvements with Preview 5 The above code works with the previous "Preview 4" release, and continues to work fine with "Preview 5". The "Preview 5" release, though, adds several additional features that will allow us to make this scenario even better. These new features include: The ability to publish a single action URL and dispatch it differently depending on the HTTP Verb Model Binders that allow rich parameter objects to be constructed from form input values and passed to action methods Helper methods that enable incoming form input values to be mapped to existing model object instances within action methods Improved support for handling input and validation errors (for example: automatically highlighting bad fields and preserving end-user entered form values when the form is redisplayed to the user) I'll use the remainder of this blog post to drill into each of these scenarios. [AcceptVerbs] and [ActionName] attributes In our sample above we implemented our product add scenario across two action methods: "Create" and "Save". One motivation for partitioning the implementation like this is that it makes our Controller code cleaner and easier to read. The downside to using two actions in this scenario, though, is that we end up publishing two URLs from our site: "/Products/Create" and "/Products/Save". This gets problematic in scenarios where we need to redisplay the HTML form because of an input error - since the URL of the redisplayed form in the error scenario will end up being "/Products/Save" instead of "/Products/Create" (because "Save" that was the URL the form was posted to). If an end-user adds this redisplayed page to their browser favorites, or copy/pastes the URL and emails it to a friend, they will end up saving the wrong URL - and will likely have an error when they try and access it later. Publishing two URLs can also cause problems with some search engines if your site is crawled and they attempt to automatically traverse your action attributes. One way to work around these issues is to publish a single "/Products/Create" URL, and then have different server logic depending on whether it is a GET or POST request. One common approach used to-do this with other web MVC frameworks is to simply have a giant if/else statement within the action method and branch accordingly: The downside with the above approach, though, is that it can make the action implementation harder to read, as well as harder to test. ASP.NET MVC "Preview 5" now offers a better option to handle this scenario. You can create overloaded implementations of action methods, and use a new [AcceptVerbs] attribute to have ASP.NET MVC filter how they are dispatched. For example, below we can declare two Create action methods - one that will be called in GET scenarios, and one that will be called in POST scenarios: This approach avoids the need for giant "if/else" statement within your action methods, and enables a cleaner structuring of your action logic. It also eliminates the need to mock the Request object in order to test these two different scenarios. You can also optionally now use a new [ActionName] attribute to allow the method name implementation on your controller class to be different than that from the published URL. For example, if rather than having two overloaded Create methods in your controller you instead wanted to have the POST method be named "Save", you could apply the [ActionName] attribute to it like so: Above we have the same controller method signature (Create and Save) that we had in our initial form post sample. The difference, though, is that we are now publishing a single URL (/Products/Create) and are automatically varying the handling based on the incoming HTTP verb (and so are browser favorites and search engine friendly). Model Binders In our sample above the signature of the Controller action method that handles the form-post takes a String and a Decimal as method arguments. The action method then creates a new Product object, assigns these input values to it, and then attempts to insert it into the database: One of the new capabilities in "Preview 5" that can make this scenario cleaner is its "Model Binder" support. Model Binders provide a way for complex types to be de-serialized from the incoming HTTP input, and passed to a Controller action method as arguments. They also provide support for handling input exceptions, and make it easier to redisplay forms when errors occur (without requiring the end-user to have to re-enter all their data again - more on this later in this blog post). For example, using the model binder support we could re-factor the above action method to instead take a Product object as an argument like so: This makes the code a little more terse and clean. It also allows us to avoid having repetitive form-parsing code scattered across multiple controllers/actions (allowing us to maintain the DRY principle: "don't repeat yourself"). Registering Model Binders Model Binders in ASP.NET MVC are classes that implement the IModelBinder interface, and can be used to help manage the binding of types to input parameters. A model binder can be written to work against a specific object type, or can alternatively be used to handle a broad range of types. The IModelBinder interface allows you to unit test binders independent of the web-server or any specific controller implementation. Model Binders can be registered at 4 different levels within an ASP.NET MVC application, which enables a great deal of flexibility in how you use them: 1) ASP.NET MVC first looks for the presence of a model binder declared as a parameter attribute on an action method. For example, we could indicate that we wanted to use a hypothetical "Bind" binder by annotating our product parameter using an attribute like below (note how we are indicating that only two properties should be bound using a parameter on the attribute): Note: "Preview 5" doesn't have a built-in [Bind] attribute like above just yet (although we are considering adding it as a built-in feature of ASP.NET MVC in the future). However all of the framework infrastructure necessary to implement a [Bind] attribute like above is now implemented in preview 5. The open source MVCContrib project also has a DataBind attribute like above that you can use today. 2) If no binder attribute is present on the action parameter, ASP.NET MVC then looks for the presence of a binder registered as an attribute on the type of the parameter being passed to the action method. For example, we could register an explicit "ProductBinder" binder for our LINQ to SQL "Product" object by adding code like below to our Product partial class: 3) ASP.NET MVC also supports the ability to register binders at application startup using the ModelBinders.Binders collection. This is useful when you want to use a type written by a third party (that you can't annotate) or if you don't want to add a binder attribute annotation on your model object directly. The below code demonstrates how to register two type-specific binders at application startup in your global.asax: 4) In addition to registering type-specific global binders, you can use the ModelBinders.DefaultBinder property to register a default binder that will be used when a type-specific binder isn't found. Included in the MVCFutures assembly (which is currently referenced by default with the mvc preview builds) is a ComplexModelBinder implementation that uses reflection to set properties based on incoming form post names/values. You could register it to be used as the fallback for all complex types passed as Controller action arguments using the code below: Note: the MVC team plans to tweak the IModelBinder interface further for the next drop (they recently discovered a few scenarios that necessitate a few changes). So if you build a custom model binder with preview 5 expect to have to make a few tweaks when the next drop comes out (probably nothing too major - but just a heads up that we know a few arguments will change on its methods). UpdateModel and TryUpdateModel Methods The ModelBinder support above is great for scenarios where you want to instantiate new objects and pass them in as arguments to a controller action method. There are also scenarios, though, when you want to be able to bind input values to existing object instances that you own retrieving/creating yourself within the action method. For example, when enabling an edit scenario for an existing product in the database, you might want to use an ORM to retrieve an existing product instance from the database first within your action method, then bind the new input values to the retrieved product instance, and then save the changes back to the database. "Preview 5" adds two new methods on the Controller base class to help enable this - UpdateModel() and TryUpdateModel(). Both allow you to pass in an existing object instance as the first argument, and then as a second argument you pass in a security white-list of properties you want to update on them using the form post values. For example, below I'm retrieving a Product object using LINQ to SQL, and then using the UpdateModel method to update the product's name and price properties with form data. The UpdateModel methods will attempt to update all of the properties you list (even if there is an error on an early one in the list). If it encounters an error for a property (for example: you entered bogus string data for a UnitPrice property which is of type Decimal), it will store the exception object raised as well the original form posted value in a new "ModelState" collection added with "Preview 5". We'll cover this new ModelState collection in a little bit - but in a nutshell it provides an easy way for us to redisplay forms with the user-entered values automatically populated for them to fix when there is an error. After attempting to update all of the indicated properties, the UpdateModel method will raise an exception if any of them failed. The TryUpdateModel method works the same way - except that instead of raising an exception it will return a boolean true/false value which indicates whether there were any errors. You can choose whichever method works best with your error handling preferences. Product Edit Example To see an example of using the UpdateModel method in use, let's implement a simple product editing form. We'll use a URL format of /Products/Edit/{ProductId} to indicate which product we want to edit. For example, below the URL is /Products/Edit/4 - which means we are going to edit the product whose ProductId is 4: Users can change the product name or unit price, and then click the Save button. When they do our post action method will update the database and then show the user a "Product Updated!" message if it was successful: We can implement the above functionality using the two Controller actions methods below. Notice how we are using the [AcceptVerbs] attribute to differentiate the Edit action that displays the initial form, and the one that handles the form post submission: Our POST action method above uses LINQ to SQL to retrieve an instance of the product object we are editing from the database, then uses UpdateModel to attempt to update the product's ProductName and UnitPrice values using the form post values. It then calls SubmitChanges() on the LINQ to SQL datacontext to save the updates back to the database. If that was successful, we then store a success message string in the TempData collection and redirect the user back to the GET action method using a client-side redirect (which will cause the newly saved product to be redisplayed - along with our TempData message string indicating it was updated). If there is an error either with the form posted values, or with updating the database, an exception will be raised and caught in our catch block - and we will redisplay the form view again to the user for them to fix. You might wonder - what is up with this redirect when we are successful? Why not just redisplay the form again and show the success message? The reason for the client-redirect is to ensure that if the user hits the refresh button after successfully pressing the save button, they don't resubmit the form again and get hit with a browser prompt like this: Doing the redirect back to the GET version of the action method ensures that a user hitting refresh will simply reload the page again and not post back. This approach is called the "Post/Redirect/Get" (aka PRG) pattern. Tim Barcz has a nice article here that talks about this more with ASP.NET MVC. The above two controller action methods are all we need to implement in order to handle editing and updating a Product object. Below is the "Edit" view to go with the above Controller: Useful Tip: In the past once you started added parameters to URLs (for example: /Products/Edit/4) you had to write code in your view to update the form's action attribute to include the parameters in the post URL. "Preview 5" includes a Html.Form() helper method that can make this easier. Html.Form() has many overloaded versions that allow you to specify a variety of parameter options. A new overloaded Html.Form() method that takes with no parameters has been added that will now output the same URL as the current request. For example, if the incoming URL to the Controller that rendered the above view was "/Products/Edit/5", calling Html.Form() like above would automatically output <form action="/Products/Edit/5" method="post"> as the markup output. If the incoming URL to the Controller that rendered the above view was "/Products/Edit/55", calling Html.Form() like above would automatically output <form action="/Products/Edit/55" method="post"> as the markup output. This provides a nifty way to avoid having to write any custom code yourself to construct the URL or indicate parameters. Unit Testing and UpdateModel In this week's Preview 5 drop the UpdateModel methods always work against the Request object's Form post collection to retrieve values. This means that to test the above form post action method you'd need to mock the request object in your unit test. With the next MVC drop we'll also add an overloaded UpdateModel method that allows you to pass in your own collection of values to use instead. For example, we would be able to use the new FormCollection type in preview 5 (which has a ModelBuilder that automatically populates it with all form post values) and pass it to the UpdateModel method as an argument like so: Using an approach like above will allow us to unit test our form-post scenario without having to use any mocking. Below is an example unit test we could write that tests that a POST scenario successfully updates with new values and redirects back to the GET version of our action method. Notice that we do not need to mock anything (nor do we have to rely on any special helper methods) in order to unit test all the functionality in our controller: Handling Error Scenarios - Redisplaying Forms with Error Messages One of the important things to take care of when handling form post scenarios are error conditions. These includes cases where an end-user posts incorrect input (for example: a string instead of a number for a Decimal unit-price), as well as cases where the input format is valid, but the business rules behind the application disallow something from being created/updated/saved (for example: making a new order for a discontinued product). If a user makes a mistake when filling out a form, the form should be redisplayed with informative error messages that guide them towards fixing it. The form should also preserve the input data the user originally entered - so that they don't have to refill this manually. This process should repeat as many times as necessary until the form successfully completes. Basic Form Entry Error Handling and Input Validation with ASP.NET MVC In our product edit sample above we haven't written much error handling code in either our Controller or our View. Our Edit post action simply wraps a try/catch error handling block around the UpdateModel() input mapping call, as well as the database save SubmitChanges() call. If an error occurs, the controller saves an output message in the TempData collection, and then returns our edit view to be redisplayed: With earlier preview releases of ASP.NET MVC the above code wouldn't be enough to deliver a good end-user experience (since it wouldn't highlight the problem, nor preserve user input if there was an error). However, with "Preview 5" you'll find that you now get a decent end-user error experience out of the box with just the above code. Specifically, you'll find that when our edit view is redisplayed because of an input error it now highlights all input controls that have problems, and preserves their input for us to fix: How, you might ask, did the Unit Price textbox highlight itself in red and know to output the originally entered user value? "Preview 5" introduces a new "ModelState" collection that is passed as part of the "ViewData" sent from the Controller to the View when it renders. The ModelState collection provides a way for Controllers to indicate that an error exists with a model object or model property being passed to the View, and allows a human friendly error message to be specified that describes the issue, as well as the original value entered by the end-user. Developers can explicitly write code to add items into the ModelState collection within their Controller actions. ASP.NET MVC's ModelBinders and UpdateModel() helper methods also automatically populate this collection by default when they encounter input errors. Because we were using the UpdateModel() helper method in our Edit action above, when it failed in its attempt to map the UnitPrice TextBox's "gfgff23.02" input to the Product.UnitPrice property (which is of type Decimal) it automatically added an entry to the ModelState collection. Html helper methods inside the View by default now check the ModelState collection when rendering output. If an error for an item they are rendering exists, they will now render the originally e